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<html lang="en">

<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../stylesheets/style.css">
<title>Resources and Resource Collections</title>
</head>

<body>

<h2 id="resource">Resources</h2>
<p>
A file-like entity can be abstracted to the concept of a <em>resource</em>.  In addition to
providing access to file-like attributes, a resource implementation should, when possible,
provide the means to read content from and/or write content to the underlying entity. Although
the resource concept was introduced in Apache Ant 1.5.2, resources are available for explicit
use <em>since Ant 1.7</em>.
</p>

<h3>Built-in resource types</h3>
The built-in resource types are:
<ul>
  <li><a href="#basic">resource</a>&mdash;a basic resource.</li>
  <li><a href="#bzip2resource">bzip2resource</a>&mdash;a BZip2 compressed resource.</li>
  <li><a href="#file">file</a>&mdash;a file.</li>
  <li><a href="#gzipresource">gzipresource</a>&mdash;a GZip compressed resource.</li>
  <li><a href="#javaresource">javaresource</a>&mdash;a resource loadable via a Java
        classloader.</li>
  <li><a href="#javaconstant">javaconstant</a>&mdash;a constant in a class loadable via a Java
        classloader.</li>
  <li><a href="#propertyresource">propertyresource</a>&mdash;an Ant property.</li>
  <li><a href="#string">string</a>&mdash;a text string.</li>
  <li><a href="#tarentry">tarentry</a>&mdash;an entry in a tar file.</li>
  <li><a href="#url">url</a>&mdash;a URL.</li>
  <li><a href="#xzresource">xzresource</a>&mdash;an XZ compressed resource.</li>
  <li><a href="#zipentry">zipentry</a>&mdash;an entry in a zip file.</li>
</ul>

<h4 id="basic">resource</h4>

<p>
A basic resource. Other resource types derive from this basic type; as such all its attributes
are available, though in most cases irrelevant attributes will be ignored. This and all resource
implementations are also usable as single-element <a href="#collection">resource
collections</a>.
</p>

<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>name</td>
    <td>The name of this resource</td>
    <td>No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>exists</td>
    <td>Whether this resource exists</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>lastmodified</td>
    <td>The last modification time of this resource</td>
    <td>No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>directory</td>
    <td>Whether this resource is directory-like</td>
    <td>No; default <q>false</q></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>size</td>
    <td>The size of this resource</td>
    <td>No</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h4 id="file">file</h4>

<p>Represents a file accessible via local filesystem conventions.</p>

<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>file</td>
    <td>The file represented by this resource</td>
    <td>Yes</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>basedir</td>
    <td>The base directory of this resource.  When this attribute is set, attempts to access the
      name of the resource will yield a path relative to this location.</td>
    <td>No</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h4 id="javaresource">javaresource</h4>

<p>Represents a resource loadable via a Java classloader.</p>

<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>name</td>
    <td>The name of the resource.</td>
    <td>Yes</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>classpath</td>
    <td>the classpath to use when looking up a resource.</td>
    <td>No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>classpathref</td>
    <td>the classpath to use when looking up a resource, given
      as <a href="../using.html#references">reference</a> to a <code>&lt;path&gt;</code> defined
      elsewhere.</td>
    <td>No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>loaderRef</td>
    <td>the name of the loader that is used to load the resource, constructed from the specified
      classpath.</td>
    <td>No</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>parentFirst</td>
    <td>Whether to consult the parent classloader first&mdash;the parent classloader most likely
      is the system classloader&mdash;when using a nested classpath.<br/>
      <em>Since Ant 1.8.0</em></td>
    <td>No; defaults to <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<p>The classpath can also be specified as nested classpath element,
where <code>&lt;classpath&gt;</code> is a <a href="../using.html#path">path-like
structure</a>.</p>

<h4 id="javaconstant">javaconstant</h4>
<p>Loads the value of a Java constant. As a specialisation
of <a href="#javaresource">javaresource</a> all of its attributes and nested elements are
supported. A constant must be specified as <code>public static</code> otherwise it could not be
loaded.</p>

<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>name</td>
    <td>The name of the resource. Must be specified as full qualified
      field name.</td>
    <td>Yes</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<h5>Examples</h5>
<p>This loads the value of the constant <code>VERSION</code> of the <code>org.acme.Main</code>
class into the <var>version</var>-property. The classpath for finding that class is provided via
nested <code>classpath</code> element.</p>
<pre>
&lt;loadresource property=&quot;version&quot;&gt;
  &lt;javaconstant name=&quot;org.acme.Main.VERSION&quot;&gt;
    &lt;classpath&gt;
      &lt;pathelement location=&quot;${acme.lib.dir}&quot;/&gt;
    &lt;/classpath&gt;
  &lt;/javaconstant&gt;
&lt;/loadresource&gt;</pre>

<p>Create a new file <samp>c:/temp/org.apache.tools.ant.Main.DEFAULT_BUILD_FILENAME</samp> with
the content of that constant (<q>build.xml</q>).</p>
<pre>
&lt;copy todir=&quot;c:/temp&quot;&gt;
  &lt;javaconstant name=&quot;org.apache.tools.ant.Main.DEFAULT_BUILD_FILENAME&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/copy&gt;</pre>

<h4 id="zipentry">zipentry</h4>

<p>Represents an entry in a ZIP archive. The archive can be specified using the archive
attribute or a nested single-element resource collection.  <code>zipentry</code> only supports
file system resources as nested elements.</p>

<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>zipfile</td>
    <td>The zip file containing this resource</td>
    <td rowspan="2">Yes, unless a nested resource collection has been
    specified</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>archive</td>
    <td class="left">alias of <var>zipfile</var></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>name</td>
    <td>The name of the archived resource</td>
    <td>Yes</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>encoding</td>
    <td>The encoding of the zipfile</td>
    <td>No; defaults to default JVM character encoding</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h4 id="tarentry">tarentry</h4>

<p>Represents an entry in a TAR archive.  The archive can be specified using the archive
attribute or a nested single-element resource collection.</p>

<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>archive</td>
    <td>The tar archive containing this resource</td>
    <td>Yes, unless a nested resource
    collection has been specified</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>name</td>
    <td>The name of the archived resource</td>
    <td>Yes</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h4 id="gzipresource">gzipresource</h4>

<p>This is not a stand-alone resource, but a wrapper around another resource providing
compression of the resource's contents on the fly.  A single element resource collection must be
specified as a nested element.</p>

<h4 id="bzip2resource">bzip2resource</h4>

<p>This is not a stand-alone resource, but a wrapper around another resource providing
compression of the resource's contents on the fly.  A single element resource collection must be
specified as a nested element.</p>

<h4 id="xzresource">xzresource</h4>

<p>This is not a stand-alone resource, but a wrapper around another resource providing
compression of the resource's contents on the fly.  A single element resource collection must be
specified as a nested element.</p>

<p>XZ compression support has been added <em>since Apache Ant 1.10.1</em> and depends on
external libraries not included in the Ant
distribution. See <a href="../install.html#librarydependencies">Library Dependencies</a> for
more information.</p>

<h4 id="url">url</h4>

<p>Represents a URL.</p>

<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>url</td>
    <td>The URL to expose</td>
    <td rowspan="3">Exactly one of these</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>file</td>
    <td class="left">The file to expose as a <code>file:</code> URL</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>baseUrl</td>
    <td class="left">The base URL which must be combined
    with <var>relativePath</var></td>
 </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>relativePath</td>
    <td>Relative path that defines the URL when combined with
      <var>baseUrl</var></td>
    <td>If using <var>baseUrl</var></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h4 id="string">string</h4>

<p>Represents a Java String. It can be written to, but only once, after which it will be an
error to write to again.</p>

<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>value</td>
    <td>The value of this resource</td>
    <td>No</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<p>The resource also supports nested text, which can only be supplied if the <var>value</var>
attribute is unset:</p>
<pre>
&lt;string&gt;
    self.log("Ant version =${ant.version}");
&lt;/string&gt;</pre>

<h4 id="propertyresource">propertyresource</h4>

<p>Represents an Ant property.</p>

<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>name</td>
    <td>The property name</td>
    <td>Yes</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<hr/>
<h2 id="collection">Resource Collections</h2>
<p>
A resource collection is an abstraction of an entity that groups together a number
of <a href="#resource">resources</a>. Several of Ant's "legacy" datatypes have been modified to
behave as resource collections:
</p>
<ul>
  <li><a href="fileset.html">fileset</a>,
    <a href="dirset.html">dirset</a>,
    <a href="multirootfileset.html">multirootfileset</a>,
    <a href="filelist.html">filelist</a>, and
    <a href="../using.html#path">path</a>
    (and derivative types) expose <a href="#file">file</a> resources
  </li>
  <li><a href="tarfileset.html">tarfileset</a>
    can expose <a href="#file">file</a> or <a href="#tarentry">tarentry</a>
    resources depending on configuration
  </li>
  <li><a href="zipfileset.html">zipfileset</a>
    can expose <a href="#file">file</a> or <a href="#zipentry">zipentry</a>
    resources depending on configuration
  </li>
  <li><a href="propertyset.html">propertyset</a>
    exposes <a href="#propertyresource">property</a> resources
  </li>
</ul>
<p>Strangely, some tasks can even legitimately behave as resource
collections:</p>
<ul>
  <li><a href="../Tasks/concat.html">concat</a> exposes a concatenated
    resource, and adds e.g.  <a href="filterchain.html">filtering</a>
    to Ant's resource-related capabilities.
  </li>
</ul>
<h3>Additional built-in resource collections</h3>
The additional built-in resource collections are:
<ul>
  <li><a href="#resources">resources</a>&mdash;generic resource collection</li>
  <li><a href="#files">files</a>&mdash;collection of files similar
  to <a href="fileset.html">fileset</a></li>
  <li><a href="#restrict">restrict</a>&mdash;restrict a resource collection to include only
  resources meeting specified criteria</li>
  <li><a href="#sort">sort</a>&mdash;sorted resource collection</li>
  <li><a href="#first">first</a>&mdash;first <em>n</em> resources from a nested collection</li>
  <li><a href="#last">last</a>&mdash;last <em>n</em> resources from a nested collection</li>
  <li><a href="#allbutfirst">allbutfirst</a>&mdash;all except the first <em>n</em> resources
    from a nested collection</li>
  <li><a href="#allbutlast">allbutlast</a>&mdash;all except the last <em>n</em> resources from a
    nested collection</li>
  <li><a href="#tokens">tokens</a>&mdash;<a href="#string">string</a> tokens gathered from a
    nested collection</li>
  <li><a href="#union">union</a>&mdash;set union of nested resource collections</li>
  <li><a href="#intersect">intersect</a>&mdash;set intersection of nested resource
    collections</li>
  <li><a href="#difference">difference</a>&mdash;set difference of nested resource
    collections</li>
  <li><a href="#mappedresources">mappedresources</a>&mdash;generic resource collection wrapper
    that maps the names of the nested resources using a <a href="mapper.html">mapper</a>.</li>
  <li><a href="#archives">archives</a>&mdash;wraps around different resource collections and
    treats the nested resources as ZIP or TAR archives that will be extracted on the fly.</li>
  <li><a href="#resourcelist">resourcelist</a>&mdash;a collection of resources whose names have
    been read from another resource.</li>
</ul>

<h4 id="resources">resources</h4>
<p>
A generic resource collection, designed for use
with <a href="../using.html#references">references</a>.  For example, if a third-party Ant task
generates a resource collection of an unknown type, it can still be accessed via
a <code>&lt;resources&gt;</code> collection. The secondary use of this collection type is as a
container of other resource collections, preserving the order of nested collections as well as
duplicate resources (contrast with <a href="#union">union</a>).
</p>
  <table class="attr">
    <tr>
      <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
      <th scope="col">Description</th>
      <th scope="col">Required</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>cache</td>
      <td>Whether to cache results.  <em>since Ant 1.8.0</em></td>
      <td>No; default <q>false</q></td>
    </tr>
  </table>

<h4 id="files">files</h4>
<p>A group of files. These files are matched by <strong>absolute</strong> patterns taken from a
number of <a href="patternset.html">PatternSets</a>.  These can be specified as
nested <code>&lt;patternset&gt;</code> elements. In addition, <code>&lt;files&gt;</code> holds
an implicit PatternSet and supports the
nested <code>&lt;include&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;includesfile&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;exclude&gt;</code>
and <code>&lt;excludesfile&gt;</code> elements of PatternSet directly, as well as PatternSet's
attributes.
</p>
<p><a href="selectors.html">File Selectors</a> are available as nested elements. A file must be
selected by all selectors in order to be included; <code>&lt;files&gt;</code> is thus equivalent
to an <code>&lt;and&gt;</code> file selector container.
</p>
<p><strong>More simply put</strong>, this type is equivalent
to <a href="fileset.html">fileset</a> with no base directory.  <strong>Please note</strong> that
without a base directory, filesystem scanning is based entirely on include and exclude patterns.
A <a href="selectors.html#filenameselect">filename</a> (or any) selector can <em>only</em>
influence the scanning process <em>after</em> the file has been included based on pattern-based
selection.
</p>

<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>includes</td>
    <td>Comma- or space-separated list of patterns of files that must be included</td>
    <td rowspan="2">At least one of these</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>includesfile</td>
    <td class="left">Name of a file; each line of this file is taken to be an include
    pattern.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>excludes</td>
    <td>Comma- or space-separated list of patterns of files that must be excluded</td>
    <td rowspan="2">No; defaults to default excludes or none if <var>defaultexcludes</var>
    is <q>no</q></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>excludesfile</td>
    <td class="left">Name of a file; each line of this file is taken to be an exclude
    pattern.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>defaultexcludes</td>
    <td>Whether <a href="../dirtasks.html#defaultexcludes">default excludes</a> should be
      used</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>casesensitive</td>
    <td>Whether patterns are case-sensitive</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
  <tr id="followsymlinks">
    <td>followsymlinks</td>
    <td>Whether to follow symbolic links (see note <a href="#symlink">below</a>)</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<p id="symlink"><a href="#followsymlinks"><strong>Note</strong></a>: All files/directories for which
the canonical path is different from its path are considered symbolic links.  On Unix systems this
usually means the file really is a symbolic link but it may lead to false results on other
platforms.</p>

<h4 id="restrict">restrict</h4>
<p>Restricts a nested resource collection using resource selectors:</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>cache</td>
    <td>Whether to cache results; disabling
      may seriously impact performance</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<h5>Parameters specified as nested elements</h5>
<p>A single resource collection is required.</p>
<p>Nested resource selectors are used to "narrow down" the included resources, combined via a
logical <em>AND</em>. These are patterned after <a href="selectors.html">file selectors</a> but
are, unsurprisingly, targeted to resources.  Several built-in resource selectors are available
in the
internal <a href="antlib.html">antlib</a> <code>org.apache.tools.ant.types.resources.selectors</code>:</p>

<ul>
  <li><a href="#rsel.name">name</a>&mdash;select resources by name.</li>
  <li><a href="#rsel.exists">exists</a>&mdash;select existing resources.</li>
  <li><a href="#rsel.date">date</a>&mdash;select resources by date.</li>
  <li><a href="#rsel.type">type</a>&mdash;select resources by type.</li>
  <li><a href="#rsel.size">size</a>&mdash;select resources by size.</li>
  <li><a href="#rsel.instanceof">instanceof</a>&mdash;select resources by class or Ant
    datatype.</li>
  <li><a href="#rsel.and">and</a>&mdash;<q>and</q> nested resource selectors.</li>
  <li><a href="#rsel.or">or</a>&mdash;<q>or</q> nested resource selectors.</li>
  <li><a href="#rsel.not">not</a>&mdash;<q>not</q> a nested resource selector.</li>
  <li><a href="#rsel.none">none</a>&mdash;select resources selected by no nested resource
    selectors.</li>
  <li><a href="#rsel.majority">majority</a>&mdash;select resources selected by a majority of
    nested resource selectors.</li>
  <li><a href="selectors.html#modified">modified</a>&mdash;select resources which content has
    changed.</li>
  <li><a href="selectors.html#containsselect">contains</a>&mdash;select resources containing a
    particular text string.</li>
  <li><a href="selectors.html#regexpselect">containsregexp</a>&mdash;select resources whose
    contents match a particular regular expression.</li>
  <li><a href="#rsel.compare">compare</a>&mdash;select resources based on comparison to other
    resources.</li>
  <li><a href="selectors.html#readable">readable</a>&mdash;select files (resources must be
    files) if they are readable.</li>
  <li><a href="selectors.html#writable">writable</a>&mdash;select files (resources must be
    files) if they are writable.</li>
</ul>

<h5 id="rsel.name">name</h5>
<p>Selects resources by name.</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>name</td>
    <td>The name pattern to test using standard Ant patterns.</td>
    <td rowspan="2">Exactly one of the two</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>regex</td>
    <td class="left">The regular expression matching files to select.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>casesensitive</td>
    <td>Whether name comparisons are case-sensitive</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>handledirsep</td>
    <td>
      If this is specified, the mapper will treat a \ character in a resource name or name
      attribute as a / for the purposes of matching.  This attribute can be <q>true</q>
      or <q>false</q>.
      <em>Since Ant 1.8.0</em>
    <td>No; default <q>false</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h5 id="rsel.exists">exists</h5>
<p>Selects existing resources.</p>

<h5 id="rsel.date">date</h5>
<p>Selects resources by date.</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>millis</td>
    <td>The comparison date/time in ms since January 1, 1970</td>
    <td rowspan="2">One of these</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>datetime</td>
    <td class="left">The formatted comparison date/time</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>pattern</td>
    <td>SimpleDateFormat-compatible pattern for use with the <code>datetime</code> attribute
    using the current locale</td>
    <td>No; default is <q>MM/dd/yyyy hh:mm a</q> using the US locale</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>granularity</td>
    <td>The number of milliseconds leeway to use when comparing file modification times. This is
    needed because not every file system supports tracking the last modified time to the
    millisecond level.</td>
    <td>No; default varies by platform: FAT filesystems = 2 sec; Unix = 1 sec; NTFS = 1 ms.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>when</td>
    <td>One of <q>before</q>, <q>after</q>, <q>equal</q></td>
    <td>No; default <q>equal</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h5 id="rsel.type">type</h5>
<p>Selects resources by type (file or directory).</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>type</td>
    <td>One of <q>file</q>, <q>dir</q>, <q>any</q> (<em>since Ant 1.8</em>)</td>
    <td>Yes</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h5 id="rsel.size">size</h5>
<p>Selects resources by size.</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>size</td>
    <td>The size to compare</td>
    <td>Yes</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>when</td>
    <td>One
    of <q>equal</q>, <q>eq</q>, <q>greater</q>, <q>gt</q>, <q>less</q>, <q>lt</q>, <q>ge</q>
    (greater or equal), <q>ne</q> (not equal), <q>le</q> (less or equal)</td>
    <td>No; default <q>equal</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h5 id="rsel.instanceof">instanceof</h5>
<p>Selects resources by type.</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>class</td>
    <td>The class of which the resource must be an instance</td>
    <td rowspan="2">One of these</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>type</td>
    <td class="left">The Ant type that must be assignable from the resource</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>uri</td>
    <td>The URI in which <var>type</var> must be defined</td>
    <td>No</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h5 id="rsel.and">and</h5>
<p>Selects a resource if it is selected by all nested resource selectors.</p>

<h5 id="rsel.or">or</h5>
<p>Selects a resource if it is selected by at least one nested resource selector.</p>

<h5 id="rsel.not">not</h5>
<p>Negates the selection result of the single nested resource selector allowed.</p>

<h5 id="rsel.none">none</h5>
<p>Selects a resource if it is selected by no nested resource selectors.</p>

<h5 id="rsel.majority">majority</h5>
<p>Selects a resource if it is selected by the majority of nested resource selectors.</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>allowtie</td>
    <td>Whether a tie (when there is an even number of nested resource selectors) is considered
      a majority</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h5 id="rsel.compare">compare</h5>
<p>Selects a resource based on its comparison to one or more "control" resources using
nested <a href="#rcmp">resource comparators</a>.</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>when</td>
    <td>Comparison
    (<q>equal</q>/<q>eq</q>, <q>greater</q>/<q>gt</q>, <q>less</q>/<q>lt</q>, <q>le</q> (less or
    equal), <q>ge</q> (greater or equal), <q>ne</q> (not equal).</td>
    <td>No; default <q>equal</q></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>against</td>
    <td>Quantifier (<q>all</q>/<q>each</q>/<q>every</q>, <q>any</q>/<q>some</q>,
    (exactly) <q>one</q>, <q>most</q>/<q>majority</q>, <q>none</q>.</td>
    <td>No; default <q>all</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<h6>Parameters specified as nested elements</h6>
<p>The resources against which comparisons will be made must be specified using the nested
&lt;control&gt; element, which denotes a <a href="#resources">resources</a> collection.</p>
<h6>Examples</h6>
<p>Assuming the namespace settings</p>
<pre>
rsel="antlib:org.apache.tools.ant.types.resources.selectors"
rcmp="antlib:org.apache.tools.ant.types.resources.comparators"</pre>
  <pre>
&lt;restrict&gt;
  &lt;fileset dir="src" includes="a,b,c,d,e,f,g"/&gt;
  &lt;rsel:compare when="le" against="all"&gt;
    &lt;control&gt;
      &lt;resource name="d"/&gt;
    &lt;/control&gt;
    &lt;rcmp:name/&gt;
  &lt;/rsel:compare&gt;
&lt;/restrict&gt;</pre>
<p>Selects files <samp>a</samp>, <samp>b</samp>, <samp>c</samp>, and <samp>d</samp>.</p>
<pre>
&lt;project rsel=&quot;antlib:org.apache.tools.ant.types.resources.selectors&quot;&gt;
    &lt;macrodef name=&quot;copyFromPath&quot;&gt;
        &lt;attribute name=&quot;todir&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;attribute name=&quot;refid&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;element name=&quot;nested-resource-selectors&quot; optional=&quot;yes&quot; implicit=&quot;true&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;sequential&gt;
            &lt;mkdir dir=&quot;@{todir}&quot; taskname=&quot;copyFromPath&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;copy todir=&quot;@{todir}&quot; taskname=&quot;copyFromPath&quot;&gt;
                &lt;restrict&gt;
                    &lt;path refid=&quot;@{refid}&quot;/&gt;
                    &lt;rsel:or&gt;
                        &lt;nested-resource-selectors/&gt;
                    &lt;/rsel:or&gt;
                &lt;/restrict&gt;
                &lt;flattenmapper/&gt;
            &lt;/copy&gt;
        &lt;/sequential&gt;
    &lt;/macrodef&gt;
    &lt;copyFromPath refid=&quot;classpath&quot; todir=&quot;todir&quot;&gt;
        &lt;rsel:name name=&quot;log4j.properties&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;rsel:name name=&quot;default.properties&quot;/&gt;
    &lt;/copyFromPath&gt;
&lt;/project&gt;</pre>
<p>Creates the <samp>todir</samp> directory and copies (if present) the
files <samp>log4j.properties</samp> and <samp>default.properties</samp> from the classpath
(already used while compiling).</p>

<pre>
&lt;project&gt;
    &lt;filelist id=&quot;allfiles&quot; dir=&quot;${ant.home}/bin&quot; files=&quot;ant.cmd,foo.txt,ant.bat,bar.txt,ant&quot;/&gt;
    &lt;restrict id=&quot;missingfiles&quot;&gt;
        &lt;filelist refid=&quot;allfiles&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;rsel:not xmlns:rsel=&quot;antlib:org.apache.tools.ant.types.resources.selectors&quot;&gt;
            &lt;rsel:exists/&gt;
        &lt;/rsel:not&gt;
    &lt;/restrict&gt;
    &lt;echo&gt;These files are missed: ${toString:missingfiles}&lt;/echo&gt;
&lt;/project&gt;</pre>
<p>The resource collection <q>allfiles</q> defines a list of files which are expected. The
restrict <q>missingfiles</q> uses the <code>&lt;not&gt;&lt;exists&gt;</code> selector for
getting all files which are not present. Finally we use
the <code>toString:</code> <a href="../using.html#pathshortcut">pathshortcut</a> for getting
them in a readable form: <code>[echo] These files are missed: ....foo.txt;....bar.txt</code></p>

<h4 id="sort">sort</h4>

<p>Sorts a nested resource collection according to the resources' natural order, or by one or
more nested <a href="#rcmp">resource comparators</a>:</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>cache</td>
    <td>Whether to cache results; disabling may seriously impact performance</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<h5>Parameters specified as nested elements</h5>
<p>A single resource collection is required.</p>
<p>The sort can be controlled and customized by specifying one or more resource
comparators. Resources can be sorted according to multiple criteria; the first specified is the
"outermost", while the last specified is the "innermost". Several built-in resource comparators
are available in the
internal <a href="antlib.html">antlib</a> <code>org.apache.tools.ant.types.resources.comparators</code>:</p>
<h5 id="rcmp">Resource Comparators</h5>
<ul>
  <li><a href="#rcmp.name">name</a>&mdash;sort resources by name</li>
  <li><a href="#rcmp.exists">exists</a>&mdash;sort resources by existence</li>
  <li><a href="#rcmp.date">date</a>&mdash;sort resources by date</li>
  <li><a href="#rcmp.type">type</a>&mdash;sort resources by type</li>
  <li><a href="#rcmp.size">size</a>&mdash;sort resources by size</li>
  <li><a href="#rcmp.content">content</a>&mdash;sort resources by content</li>
  <li><a href="#rcmp.reverse">reverse</a>&mdash;reverse the natural sort order, or that of a
    single nested resource comparator</li>
</ul>

<h6 id="rcmp.name">name</h6>
<p>Sort resources by name.</p>

<h6 id="rcmp.exists">exists</h6>
<p>Sort resources by existence.  Not existing is considered "less than" existing.</p>

<h6 id="rcmp.date">date</h6>
<p>Sort resources by date.</p>

<h6 id="rcmp.type">type</h6>
<p>Sort resources by type (file or directory).  Because directories contain files, they are
considered "greater".</p>

<h6 id="rcmp.size">size</h6>
<p>Sort resources by size.</p>

<h6 id="rcmp.content">content</h6>
<p>Sort resources by content.</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>binary</td>
    <td>Whether content should be compared in binary mode.  If <q>false</q>, content will be
    compared without regard to platform-specific line-ending conventions.</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h6 id="rcmp.reverse">reverse</h6>
<p>Reverse the natural sort order, or that of a single nested comparator.</p>

<h5>Examples</h5>
<pre>
&lt;property name=&quot;eol&quot; value=&quot;${line.separator}&quot;/&gt;
&lt;pathconvert property=&quot;sorted&quot; pathsep=&quot;${eol}&quot;&gt;
  &lt;sort&gt;
    &lt;tokens&gt;
      &lt;string value=&quot;foo bar etc baz&quot;/&gt;
      &lt;stringtokenizer/&gt;
    &lt;/tokens&gt;
  &lt;/sort&gt;
&lt;/pathconvert&gt;</pre>
<p>The resource of type string <q>foo bar etc baz</q> is split into four tokens by
the <code>stringtokenizer</code>. These tokens are sorted and there <code>sorted</code> gets the
value of <q>bar baz etc foo</q>.</p>

<pre>
&lt;sort&gt;
  &lt;fileset dir=&quot;foo&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;reverse xmlns=&quot;antlib:org.apache.tools.ant.types.resources.comparators&quot;&gt;
    &lt;date/&gt;
  &lt;/reverse&gt;
&lt;/sort&gt;</pre>
<p>This takes all files from <samp>foo</samp> and sorts them by modification date in reverse
order.  Because the resource comparators used (<code>&lt;reverse&gt;</code>
and <code>&lt;date&gt;</code>) are in an internal antlib their namespace must be set explicitly.
</p>

<h4 id="first">first</h4>
<p>Includes the first <var>count</var> resources from a nested resource collection.  This can be
used in conjunction with the <a href="#sort">sort</a> collection, for example, to select the
first few oldest, largest, etc. resources from a larger collection.</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>count</td>
    <td>The number of resources to include</td>
    <td>No; default <q>1</q></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>cache</td>
    <td>Whether to cache results; disabling may seriously impact performance</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<h5>Parameters specified as nested elements</h5>
<p>A single resource collection is required.</p>

<h4 id="last">last</h4>
<p><em>Since Ant 1.7.1</em></p>
<p>Includes the last <var>count</var> resources from a nested resource collection.  This can be
used in conjunction with the <a href="#sort">sort</a> collection, for example, to select the
last few oldest, largest, etc. resources from a larger collection.</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>count</td>
    <td>The number of resources to include</td>
    <td>No; default <q>1</q></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>cache</td>
    <td>Whether to cache results; disabling may seriously impact performance</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<h5>Parameters specified as nested elements</h5>
<p>A single resource collection is required.</p>

<h4 id="allbutfirst">allbutfirst</h4>
<p><em>Since Ant 1.9.5</em></p>
<p>Includes all elements except for the first <var>count</var> resources from a nested resource
collection.  This can be used in conjunction with the <a href="#sort">sort</a> collection, for
example, to select all but the first few oldest, largest, etc. resources from a larger
collection.</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>count</td>
    <td>The number of resources to exclude</td>
    <td>No; default <q>1</q></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>cache</td>
    <td>Whether to cache results; disabling may seriously impact performance</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<h5>Parameters specified as nested elements</h5>
<p>A single resource collection is required.</p>

<h4 id="allbutlast">allbutlast</h4>
<p><em>Since Ant 1.9.5</em></p>
<p>Includes all elements except for the last <var>count</var> resources from a nested resource
collection.  This can be used in conjunction with the <a href="#sort">sort</a> collection, for
example, to select all but the last few oldest, largest, etc. resources from a larger
collection.</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>count</td>
    <td>The number of resources to exclude</td>
    <td>No; default <q>1</q></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>cache</td>
    <td>Whether to cache results; disabling may seriously impact performance</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<h5>Parameters specified as nested elements</h5>
<p>A single resource collection is required.</p>

<h4 id="tokens">tokens</h4>
<p>Includes the <a href="#string">string</a> tokens gathered from a nested resource collection. Uses
the same tokenizers supported by
the <a href="filterchain.html#tokenfilter">TokenFilter</a>. Imaginative use of this resource
collection can implement equivalents for such Unix functions as <kbd>sort</kbd>, <kbd>grep
-c</kbd>, <kbd>wc</kbd> and <kbd>wc -l</kbd>.</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>encoding</td>
    <td>The encoding of the nested resources</td>
    <td>No; default is default JVM character encoding</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>cache</td>
    <td>Whether to cache results; disabling may seriously impact performance</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<h5>Parameters specified as nested elements</h5>
<ul>
  <li>A single resource collection is required.</li>
  <li>One nested tokenizer may be specified.  If omitted,
    a <a href="filterchain.html#linetokenizer">LineTokenizer</a> will be used.
  </li>
</ul>
<h5>Examples</h5>
<pre>
&lt;concat&gt;
  &lt;union&gt;
    &lt;sort&gt;
      &lt;tokens&gt;
        &lt;resources refid="input"/&gt;
        &lt;linetokenizer includedelims="true"/&gt;
      &lt;/tokens&gt;
    &lt;/sort&gt;
  &lt;/union&gt;
&lt;/concat&gt;</pre>
<p>Implements Unix <kbd>sort -u</kbd> against resource collection <q>input</q>.</p>

<h4 id="setlogic">Set operations</h4>
<p>The following resource collections implement set operations:</p>
<ul>
  <li><a href="#union">union</a></li>
  <li><a href="#intersect">intersect</a></li>
  <li><a href="#difference">difference</a></li>
</ul>

<h4 id="union">union</h4>
<p>Union of nested resource collections.</p>

<h4 id="intersect">intersect</h4>
<p>Intersection of nested resource collections.</p>

<h4 id="difference">difference</h4>
<p>Difference of nested resource collections.</p>

<p>The following attributes apply to all set-operation resource collections:</p>
<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>cache</td>
    <td>Whether to cache results; disabling may seriously impact performance</td>
    <td>No; default <q>true</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h5>Examples</h5>
<pre>
&lt;resources id=&quot;A&quot;&gt;
    &lt;string value=&quot;a&quot;/&gt;
    &lt;string value=&quot;b&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/resources&gt;
&lt;resources id=&quot;B&quot;&gt;
    &lt;string value=&quot;b&quot;/&gt;
    &lt;string value=&quot;c&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/resources&gt;
&lt;union id=&quot;union&quot;&gt;&lt;resources refid=&quot;A&quot;/&gt;&lt;resources refid=&quot;B&quot;/&gt;&lt;/union&gt;
&lt;intersect id=&quot;intersect&quot;&gt;&lt;resources refid=&quot;A&quot;/&gt;&lt;resources refid=&quot;B&quot;/&gt;&lt;/intersect&gt;
&lt;difference id=&quot;difference&quot;&gt;&lt;resources refid=&quot;A&quot;/&gt;&lt;resources refid=&quot;B&quot;/&gt;&lt;/difference&gt;
&lt;echo&gt;
  A: ${toString:A}                    = a;b
  B: ${toString:B}                    = b;c

  union     : ${toString:union}       = a;b;c
  intersect : ${toString:intersect}   = b
  difference: ${toString:difference}  = a;c
&lt;/echo&gt;</pre>

<h4 id="mappedresources">mappedresources</h4>

<p><em>Since Ant 1.8.0</em></p>

<p>Wraps another resource collection and maps the names of the nested resources using
a <a href="mapper.html">mapper</a>.</p>

<p>Even if <var>mappedresources</var> wraps a resource collection that consists of file-system
based resources, <var>mappedresources</var> will not appear to be file-system based.  This means
you can't use <var>mappedresources</var> with tasks that only allow file-system based
resources.</p>

<h5>Parameters specified as attributes</h5>

<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>cache</td>
    <td>Whether to cache results; enabling may improve performance.  <em>Since Ant
      1.8.1</em></td>
    <td>No; default <q>false</q></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>enablemultiplemappings</td>
    <td>If <q>true</q> the collection will use all the mappings for a given source
      path. If <q>false</q> it will only process the first resource.
      <em>since Ant 1.8.1</em></td>
    <td>No; defaults to <q>false</q></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h5>Parameters specified as nested elements</h5>
<p>A single resource collection is required.</p>
<p>A single <a href="mapper.html">mapper</a> can be used to map names.  If no mapper has been
given (which doesn't make any sense, honestly), an identity mapper will be used.</p>

<h5>Examples</h5>

<p>Copies all files from a given directory to a target directory adding <samp>.bak</samp> as an
extension.  Note this could be done with a <code>mapper</code> nested into <code>copy</code>
directly as well.</p>

<pre>
&lt;copy todir="${target}"&gt;
  &lt;mappedresources&gt;
    &lt;fileset dir="${src}"/&gt;
    &lt;globmapper from="*" to="*.bak"/&gt;
  &lt;/mappedresources&gt;
&lt;/copy&gt;</pre>

<p>Creates a WAR archive adding all <code>CLASSPATH</code> entries that are files to
the <samp>WEB-INF/lib</samp> directory without keeping their files-system structure.</p>

<pre>
&lt;war destfile="${output}"&gt;
  &lt;mappedresources&gt;
    &lt;restrict&gt;
      &lt;path path="${java.class.path}"/&gt;
      &lt;type type="file"/&gt;
    &lt;/restrict&gt;
    &lt;chainedmapper&gt;
      &lt;flattenmapper/&gt;
      &lt;globmapper from="*" to="WEB-INF/lib/*"/&gt;
    &lt;/chainedmapper&gt;
  &lt;/mappedresources&gt;
&lt;/war&gt;</pre>

<h4 id="archives">archives</h4>

<p><em>Since Ant 1.8.0</em></p>

<p>This resource collection accepts an arbitrary number of nested resources and assumes that all
those resources must be either ZIP or TAR archives.  The resources returned
by <code>&lt;archives&gt;</code> are the contents of the nested archives.</p>

<p>This resource collection is a generalization
of <a href="../Tasks/zip.html#zipgroupfileset">zipgroupfileset</a> which is only supported by
the zip family of tasks.</p>

<p><code>archives</code> doesn't support any attributes.</p>

<h5>Parameters specified as nested elements</h5>

<p><code>&lt;archives&gt;</code> has two nested elements <code>&lt;zips&gt;</code>
and <code>&lt;tars&gt;</code> that are <a href="#union">unions</a> themselves, i.e. they accept
arbitrary many resource(collection)s as nested elements.</p>

<p>The nested resources of <code>&lt;zips&gt;</code> are treated as ZIP archives, the nested
resources of <code>&lt;tars&gt;</code> as TAR archives.</p>

<h5>Examples</h5>

<p>Copies all files from all jars that are on the classpath to <samp>${target}</samp>.</p>

<pre>
&lt;copy todir="${target}"&gt;
  &lt;archives&gt;
    &lt;zips&gt;
      &lt;restrict&gt;
        &lt;path path="${java.class.path}"/&gt;
        &lt;name name="*.jar"/&gt;
      &lt;/restrict&gt;
    &lt;/zips&gt;
  &lt;/archives&gt;
&lt;/copy&gt;</pre>

<h4 id="resourcelist">resourcelist</h4>

<p><em>Since Ant 1.8.0</em></p>

<p>This resource collection accepts an arbitrary number of nested resources, reads those
resources and returns a resource for each line read.</p>

<p>If the line contains a colon, Ant will try to use it as an URL and if that fails (or the line
doesn't contain a colon) will return a file resource with the line's content as its name.</p>

<p>Properties will be expanded for each line.  If the property expansion yields a resource
object rather than a string (for example because of custom property helpers), the resources will
be returned directly.</p>

<p><code>&lt;resourcelist&gt;</code> is a generalization
of <a href="filelist.html"><code>&lt;filelist&gt;</code></a>.</p>

<table class="attr">
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">Attribute</th>
    <th scope="col">Description</th>
    <th scope="col">Required</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>encoding</td>
    <td>The encoding of the nested resources</td>
    <td>No; default is default JVM character encoding</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>basedir</td>
    <td>Base directory that is used to resolve relative file names
      against. Is also used to provide a base directory to the
      FileResources created by this resource collection. <em>Since Ant
      1.10.4</em>
    </td>
    <td>No</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h5>Parameters specified as nested elements</h5>

<p><code>&lt;resourcelist&gt;</code> accepts arbitrary many resource(collection)s as nested
elements.</p>

<p>In addition <code>&lt;resourcelist&gt;</code> supports
nested <code>&lt;filterchain&gt;</code> elements that can be used to filter/modify the read
resources before their lines get expanded.  Such a nested element corresponds to
a <a href="filterchain.html">filterchain</a>.</p>

<h5>Examples</h5>

<p>The following example copies a file from the first URL of several alternatives that can
actually be reached.  It assumes that the file <samp>mirrors.txt</samp> looks like</p>

<pre>
    mirrors.txt:
https://best.mirror.example.org/
http://second.best.mirror.example.org/mirror/of/best/
https://yet.another.mirror/
https://the.original.site/</pre>

<pre>
&lt;copy todir="${target}"&gt;
  &lt;first&gt;
    &lt;restrict&gt;
      &lt;resourcelist&gt;
        &lt;file file="mirrors.txt"/&gt;
      &lt;/resourcelist&gt;
      &lt;exists/&gt;
    &lt;/restrict&gt;
  &lt;/first&gt;
&lt;/copy&gt;</pre>

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