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Split "Using Ant section". 

Add FAQ about WinZIP, file name case, <war> and WEB-INF as well as
<jar> and META-INF.


git-svn-id: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/ant/core/trunk@273476 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68
master
Stefan Bodewig 22 years ago
parent
02db5b8458
commit
5a40d2e005
2 changed files with 335 additions and 274 deletions
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  1. +217
    -176
      docs/faq.html
  2. +118
    -98
      xdocs/faq.xml

+ 217
- 176
docs/faq.html View File

@@ -165,15 +165,12 @@
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"> <tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6">
<font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif"> <font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
<strong>Using Ant</strong>
<strong>How do I ...</strong>
</font> </font>
</td></tr> </td></tr>
<tr><td> <tr><td>
<blockquote> <blockquote>
<ul> <ul>
<li><a href="#always-recompiles">
Why does Ant always recompile all my Java files?
</a></li>
<li><a href="#passing-cli-args"> <li><a href="#passing-cli-args">
How do I pass parameters from the command line to my How do I pass parameters from the command line to my
build file? build file?
@@ -191,17 +188,36 @@
</a></li> </a></li>
<li><a href="#batch-shell-execute"> <li><a href="#batch-shell-execute">
How do I execute a batch file or shell script from Ant? How do I execute a batch file or shell script from Ant?
</a></li>
<li><a href="#defaultexcludes">
I've used a <code>&lt;delete&gt;</code> task to delete
unwanted
SourceSafe control files (CVS files, editor backup files, etc.), but
it doesn't seem to work; the files never get deleted. What's
wrong?
</a></li> </a></li>
<li><a href="#multi-conditions"> <li><a href="#multi-conditions">
I want to execute a particular target only if I want to execute a particular target only if
multiple conditions are true. multiple conditions are true.
</a></li>
<li><a href="#encoding">
How can I include national characters like German
umlauts in my build file?
</a></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6">
<font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
<strong>It doesn't work (as expected)</strong>
</font>
</td></tr>
<tr><td>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li><a href="#always-recompiles">
Why does Ant always recompile all my Java files?
</a></li>
<li><a href="#defaultexcludes">
I've used a <code>&lt;delete&gt;</code> task to
delete unwanted SourceSafe control files (CVS files, editor
backup files, etc.), but it doesn't seem to work; the files
never get deleted. What's wrong?
</a></li> </a></li>
<li><a href="#stop-dependency"> <li><a href="#stop-dependency">
I have a target I want to skip if a property is set, I have a target I want to skip if a property is set,
@@ -215,16 +231,17 @@
<code>&lt;include&gt;</code> of just the files I want, but it <code>&lt;include&gt;</code> of just the files I want, but it
isn't giving me any files at all. What's wrong? isn't giving me any files at all. What's wrong?
</a></li>
<li><a href="#encoding">
How can I include national characters like German
umlauts in my build file?
</a></li> </a></li>
<li><a href="#properties-not-trimmed"> <li><a href="#properties-not-trimmed">
<code>ant</code> failed to build my program via javac <code>ant</code> failed to build my program via javac
even when I put the needed jars in an external even when I put the needed jars in an external
<code>build.properties</code> file and reference them by <code>build.properties</code> file and reference them by
<code>pathelement</code> or <code>classpath refid</code>. <code>pathelement</code> or <code>classpath refid</code>.
</a></li>
<li><a href="#winzip-lies">
Ant creates WAR files with a lower-case
<code>web-inf</code> or JAR files with a lower-case
<code>meta-inf</code> directory.
</a></li> </a></li>
</ul> </ul>
</blockquote> </blockquote>
@@ -613,46 +630,7 @@
</td></tr> </td></tr>
</table> </table>
</a> </a>
<a name="always-recompiles">
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6">
<font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
<strong>
Why does Ant always recompile all my Java files?
</strong>
</font>
</td></tr>
<tr><td>
<blockquote>
<p>In order to find out which files should be compiled, Ant
compares the timestamps of the source files to those of the
resulting <code>.class</code> files. Opening all source files
to find out which package they belong to would be very
inefficient. Instead, Ant expects you to place your
source files in a directory hierarchy that mirrors your
package hierarchy and to point Ant to the root of this
directory tree with the <code>srcdir</code> attribute.</p>
<p>Say you have <code>&lt;javac srcdir="src"
destdir="dest"/&gt;</code>. If Ant finds a file
<code>src/a/b/C.java</code>, it expects it to be in package
<code>a.b</code> so that the resulting <code>.class</code>
file is going to be <code>dest/a/b/C.class</code>.</p>
<p>If your source-tree directory structure does not match your
package structure, Ant's heuristic won't work, and
it will recompile classes that are up-to-date. Ant is not the
only tool that expects a source-tree layout like this.</p>
<p>If you have Java source files that aren't declared to
be part of any package, you can still use the <code>&lt;javac&gt;</code>
task to compile these files correctly - just set the
<code>srcdir</code> and <code>destdir</code> attributes to
the actual directory the source
files live in and the directory the class files should go into,
respectively.</p>
</blockquote>
</td></tr>
</table>
</a>
<a name="passing-cli-args">
<a name="passing-cli-args">
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"> <tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6">
<font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif"> <font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
@@ -986,81 +964,6 @@ shell-prompt&gt; cat &lt; foo
</blockquote> </blockquote>
</td></tr> </td></tr>
</table> </table>
</a>
<a name="defaultexcludes">
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6">
<font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
<strong>
I've used a <code>&lt;delete&gt;</code> task to delete
unwanted
SourceSafe control files (CVS files, editor backup files, etc.), but
it doesn't seem to work; the files never get deleted. What's
wrong?
</strong>
</font>
</td></tr>
<tr><td>
<blockquote>
<p>This is probably happening because, by default, Ant excludes
SourceSafe control files (<code>vssver.scc</code>) and certain other
files from FileSets.</p>
<p>Here's what you probably did:</p>
<div align="left">
<table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre>
&lt;delete&gt;
&lt;fileset dir=&quot;${build.src}&quot; includes=&quot;**/vssver.scc&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/delete&gt;
</pre></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p>You need to switch off the default exclusions,
and it will work:</p>
<div align="left">
<table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre>
&lt;delete&gt;
&lt;fileset dir=&quot;${build.src}&quot; includes=&quot;**/vssver.scc&quot;
defaultexcludes=&quot;no&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/delete&gt;
</pre></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p>For a complete listing of the patterns that are excluded
by default, see <a href="manual/dirtasks.html#defaultexcludes">the user
manual</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
</td></tr>
</table>
</a> </a>
<a name="multi-conditions"> <a name="multi-conditions">
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
@@ -1231,6 +1134,164 @@ shell-prompt&gt; cat &lt; foo
</blockquote> </blockquote>
</td></tr> </td></tr>
</table> </table>
</a>
<a name="encoding">
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6">
<font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
<strong>
How can I include national characters like German
umlauts in my build file?
</strong>
</font>
</td></tr>
<tr><td>
<blockquote>
<p>You need to tell the XML parser which character encoding
your build file uses, this is done inside the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xml-20001006#sec-prolog-dtd">XML
declaration</a>.</p>
<p>By default the parser assumes you are using the UTF-8
encoding instead of your platform's default. For most Western
European countries you should set the encoding to
<code>ISO-8859-1</code>. To do so, make the very first line
of you build file read like</p>
<div align="left">
<table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre>
&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;ISO-8859-1&quot; ?&gt;
</pre></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</blockquote>
</td></tr>
</table>
</a>
<a name="always-recompiles">
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6">
<font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
<strong>
Why does Ant always recompile all my Java files?
</strong>
</font>
</td></tr>
<tr><td>
<blockquote>
<p>In order to find out which files should be compiled, Ant
compares the timestamps of the source files to those of the
resulting <code>.class</code> files. Opening all source files
to find out which package they belong to would be very
inefficient. Instead, Ant expects you to place your
source files in a directory hierarchy that mirrors your
package hierarchy and to point Ant to the root of this
directory tree with the <code>srcdir</code> attribute.</p>
<p>Say you have <code>&lt;javac srcdir="src"
destdir="dest"/&gt;</code>. If Ant finds a file
<code>src/a/b/C.java</code>, it expects it to be in package
<code>a.b</code> so that the resulting <code>.class</code>
file is going to be <code>dest/a/b/C.class</code>.</p>
<p>If your source-tree directory structure does not match your
package structure, Ant's heuristic won't work, and
it will recompile classes that are up-to-date. Ant is not the
only tool that expects a source-tree layout like this.</p>
<p>If you have Java source files that aren't declared to
be part of any package, you can still use the <code>&lt;javac&gt;</code>
task to compile these files correctly - just set the
<code>srcdir</code> and <code>destdir</code> attributes to
the actual directory the source
files live in and the directory the class files should go into,
respectively.</p>
</blockquote>
</td></tr>
</table>
</a>
<a name="defaultexcludes">
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6">
<font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
<strong>
I've used a <code>&lt;delete&gt;</code> task to
delete unwanted SourceSafe control files (CVS files, editor
backup files, etc.), but it doesn't seem to work; the files
never get deleted. What's wrong?
</strong>
</font>
</td></tr>
<tr><td>
<blockquote>
<p>This is probably happening because, by default, Ant excludes
SourceSafe control files (<code>vssver.scc</code>) and certain other
files from FileSets.</p>
<p>Here's what you probably did:</p>
<div align="left">
<table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre>
&lt;delete&gt;
&lt;fileset dir=&quot;${build.src}&quot; includes=&quot;**/vssver.scc&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/delete&gt;
</pre></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p>You need to switch off the default exclusions,
and it will work:</p>
<div align="left">
<table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre>
&lt;delete&gt;
&lt;fileset dir=&quot;${build.src}&quot; includes=&quot;**/vssver.scc&quot;
defaultexcludes=&quot;no&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/delete&gt;
</pre></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p>For a complete listing of the patterns that are excluded
by default, see <a href="manual/dirtasks.html#defaultexcludes">the user
manual</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
</td></tr>
</table>
</a> </a>
<a name="stop-dependency"> <a name="stop-dependency">
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
@@ -1293,78 +1354,58 @@ shell-prompt&gt; cat &lt; foo
<p>To get the files you want, focus on just the <p>To get the files you want, focus on just the
<code>&lt;include&gt;</code> patterns that would be necessary <code>&lt;include&gt;</code> patterns that would be necessary
to get them. If you find you need to trim the list that the to get them. If you find you need to trim the list that the
<code>&lt;include&gt;</code> elements
produce, then use <code>&lt;exclude&gt;</code> elements.</p>
<code>&lt;include&gt;</code> elements produce, then use
<code>&lt;exclude&gt;</code> elements.</p>
</blockquote> </blockquote>
</td></tr> </td></tr>
</table> </table>
</a> </a>
<a name="encoding">
<a name="properties-not-trimmed">
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"> <tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6">
<font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif"> <font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
<strong> <strong>
How can I include national characters like German
umlauts in my build file?
<code>ant</code> failed to build my program via javac
even when I put the needed jars in an external
<code>build.properties</code> file and reference them by
<code>pathelement</code> or <code>classpath refid</code>.
</strong> </strong>
</font> </font>
</td></tr> </td></tr>
<tr><td> <tr><td>
<blockquote> <blockquote>
<p>You need to tell the XML parser which character encoding
your build file uses, this is done inside the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xml-20001006#sec-prolog-dtd">XML
declaration</a>.</p>
<p>By default the parser assumes you are using the UTF-8
encoding instead of your platform's default. For most Western
European countries you should set the encoding to
<code>ISO-8859-1</code>. To do so, make the very first line
of you build file read like</p>
<div align="left">
<table cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff"><pre>
&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;ISO-8859-1&quot; ?&gt;
</pre></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
<td bgcolor="#023264" width="1" height="1"><img src="/images/void.gif" width="1" height="1" vspace="0" hspace="0" border="0"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p>When <code>ant</code> loads properties from an external
file it dosn't touch the value of properties, trailing blanks
will not be trimmed for example.</p>
<p>If the value represents a file path, like a jar needed to
compile, the task which requires the value, javac for example
would fail to compile since it can't find the file due to
trailing spaces.</p>
</blockquote> </blockquote>
</td></tr> </td></tr>
</table> </table>
</a> </a>
<a name="properties-not-trimmed">
<a name="winzip-lies">
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6"> <tr><td bgcolor="#828DA6">
<font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif"> <font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
<strong> <strong>
<code>ant</code> failed to build my program via javac
even when I put the needed jars in an external
<code>build.properties</code> file and reference them by
<code>pathelement</code> or <code>classpath refid</code>.
Ant creates WAR files with a lower-case
<code>web-inf</code> or JAR files with a lower-case
<code>meta-inf</code> directory.
</strong> </strong>
</font> </font>
</td></tr> </td></tr>
<tr><td> <tr><td>
<blockquote> <blockquote>
<p>When <code>ant</code> loads properties from an external
file it dosn't touch the value of properties, trailing blanks
will not be trimmed for example.</p>
<p>If the value represents a file path, like a jar needed to
compile, the task which requires the value, javac for example
would fail to compile since it can't find the file due to
trailing spaces.</p>
<p>No it doesn't.</p>
<p>You may have seen these lower-case directory names in
WinZIP, but WinZIP is trying to be helpful (and fails). If
WinZIP encounters a filename that is all upper-case, it
assumes it has come from an old DOS box andchanges the case to
all lower-case for you.</p>
<p>If you extract (or just check) the archive with jar, you
will see that the names have the correct case.</p>
</blockquote> </blockquote>
</td></tr> </td></tr>
</table> </table>


+ 118
- 98
xdocs/faq.xml View File

@@ -179,42 +179,7 @@
</faq> </faq>
</faqsection> </faqsection>


<faqsection title="Using Ant">
<faq id="always-recompiles">
<question>Why does Ant always recompile all my Java files?</question>
<answer>

<p>In order to find out which files should be compiled, Ant
compares the timestamps of the source files to those of the
resulting <code>.class</code> files. Opening all source files
to find out which package they belong to would be very
inefficient. Instead, Ant expects you to place your
source files in a directory hierarchy that mirrors your
package hierarchy and to point Ant to the root of this
directory tree with the <code>srcdir</code> attribute.</p>

<p>Say you have <code>&lt;javac srcdir=&quot;src&quot;
destdir=&quot;dest&quot;/&gt;</code>. If Ant finds a file
<code>src/a/b/C.java</code>, it expects it to be in package
<code>a.b</code> so that the resulting <code>.class</code>
file is going to be <code>dest/a/b/C.class</code>.</p>

<p>If your source-tree directory structure does not match your
package structure, Ant&apos;s heuristic won&apos;t work, and
it will recompile classes that are up-to-date. Ant is not the
only tool that expects a source-tree layout like this.</p>

<p>If you have Java source files that aren&apos;t declared to
be part of any package, you can still use the <code>&lt;javac&gt;</code>
task to compile these files correctly - just set the
<code>srcdir</code> and <code>destdir</code> attributes to
the actual directory the source
files live in and the directory the class files should go into,
respectively.</p>

</answer>
</faq>

<faqsection title="How do I ...">
<faq id="passing-cli-args"> <faq id="passing-cli-args">
<question>How do I pass parameters from the command line to my <question>How do I pass parameters from the command line to my
build file?</question> build file?</question>
@@ -363,44 +328,6 @@ shell-prompt> cat < foo
</answer> </answer>
</faq> </faq>


<faq id="defaultexcludes">

<question>I&apos;ve used a <code>&lt;delete&gt;</code> task to delete
unwanted
SourceSafe control files (CVS files, editor backup files, etc.), but
it doesn&apos;t seem to work; the files never get deleted. What&apos;s
wrong?</question>

<answer>
<p>This is probably happening because, by default, Ant excludes
SourceSafe control files (<code>vssver.scc</code>) and certain other
files from FileSets.</p>

<p>Here&apos;s what you probably did:</p>


<source><![CDATA[
<delete>
<fileset dir="${build.src}" includes="**/vssver.scc"/>
</delete>
]]></source>

<p>You need to switch off the default exclusions,
and it will work:</p>
<source><![CDATA[
<delete>
<fileset dir="${build.src}" includes="**/vssver.scc"
defaultexcludes="no"/>
</delete>
]]></source>
<p>For a complete listing of the patterns that are excluded
by default, see <a href="manual/dirtasks.html#defaultexcludes">the user
manual</a>.</p>

</answer>
</faq>

<faq id="multi-conditions"> <faq id="multi-conditions">
<question>I want to execute a particular target only if <question>I want to execute a particular target only if
multiple conditions are true.</question> multiple conditions are true.</question>
@@ -523,6 +450,102 @@ shell-prompt> cat < foo
</answer> </answer>
</faq> </faq>
<faq id="encoding">
<question>How can I include national characters like German
umlauts in my build file?</question>

<answer>
<p>You need to tell the XML parser which character encoding
your build file uses, this is done inside the <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xml-20001006#sec-prolog-dtd">XML
declaration</a>.</p>

<p>By default the parser assumes you are using the UTF-8
encoding instead of your platform's default. For most Western
European countries you should set the encoding to
<code>ISO-8859-1</code>. To do so, make the very first line
of you build file read like</p>

<source><![CDATA[
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
]]></source>
</answer>
</faq>
</faqsection>

<faqsection title="It doesn&apos;t work (as expected)">
<faq id="always-recompiles">
<question>Why does Ant always recompile all my Java files?</question>
<answer>

<p>In order to find out which files should be compiled, Ant
compares the timestamps of the source files to those of the
resulting <code>.class</code> files. Opening all source files
to find out which package they belong to would be very
inefficient. Instead, Ant expects you to place your
source files in a directory hierarchy that mirrors your
package hierarchy and to point Ant to the root of this
directory tree with the <code>srcdir</code> attribute.</p>

<p>Say you have <code>&lt;javac srcdir=&quot;src&quot;
destdir=&quot;dest&quot;/&gt;</code>. If Ant finds a file
<code>src/a/b/C.java</code>, it expects it to be in package
<code>a.b</code> so that the resulting <code>.class</code>
file is going to be <code>dest/a/b/C.class</code>.</p>

<p>If your source-tree directory structure does not match your
package structure, Ant&apos;s heuristic won&apos;t work, and
it will recompile classes that are up-to-date. Ant is not the
only tool that expects a source-tree layout like this.</p>

<p>If you have Java source files that aren&apos;t declared to
be part of any package, you can still use the <code>&lt;javac&gt;</code>
task to compile these files correctly - just set the
<code>srcdir</code> and <code>destdir</code> attributes to
the actual directory the source
files live in and the directory the class files should go into,
respectively.</p>

</answer>
</faq>

<faq id="defaultexcludes">

<question>I&apos;ve used a <code>&lt;delete&gt;</code> task to
delete unwanted SourceSafe control files (CVS files, editor
backup files, etc.), but it doesn&apos;t seem to work; the files
never get deleted. What&apos;s wrong?</question>

<answer>
<p>This is probably happening because, by default, Ant excludes
SourceSafe control files (<code>vssver.scc</code>) and certain other
files from FileSets.</p>

<p>Here&apos;s what you probably did:</p>


<source><![CDATA[
<delete>
<fileset dir="${build.src}" includes="**/vssver.scc"/>
</delete>
]]></source>

<p>You need to switch off the default exclusions,
and it will work:</p>
<source><![CDATA[
<delete>
<fileset dir="${build.src}" includes="**/vssver.scc"
defaultexcludes="no"/>
</delete>
]]></source>
<p>For a complete listing of the patterns that are excluded
by default, see <a href="manual/dirtasks.html#defaultexcludes">the user
manual</a>.</p>

</answer>
</faq>

<faq id="stop-dependency"> <faq id="stop-dependency">
<question>I have a target I want to skip if a property is set, <question>I have a target I want to skip if a property is set,
so I have <code>unless=&quot;property&quot;</code> as an attribute so I have <code>unless=&quot;property&quot;</code> as an attribute
@@ -573,33 +596,11 @@ shell-prompt> cat < foo
<p>To get the files you want, focus on just the <p>To get the files you want, focus on just the
<code>&lt;include&gt;</code> patterns that would be necessary <code>&lt;include&gt;</code> patterns that would be necessary
to get them. If you find you need to trim the list that the to get them. If you find you need to trim the list that the
<code>&lt;include&gt;</code> elements
produce, then use <code>&lt;exclude&gt;</code> elements.</p>
<code>&lt;include&gt;</code> elements produce, then use
<code>&lt;exclude&gt;</code> elements.</p>
</answer> </answer>
</faq> </faq>
<faq id="encoding">
<question>How can I include national characters like German
umlauts in my build file?</question>

<answer>
<p>You need to tell the XML parser which character encoding
your build file uses, this is done inside the <a
href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xml-20001006#sec-prolog-dtd">XML
declaration</a>.</p>

<p>By default the parser assumes you are using the UTF-8
encoding instead of your platform's default. For most Western
European countries you should set the encoding to
<code>ISO-8859-1</code>. To do so, make the very first line
of you build file read like</p>

<source><![CDATA[
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
]]></source>
</answer>
</faq>

<faq id="properties-not-trimmed"> <faq id="properties-not-trimmed">
<question><code>ant</code> failed to build my program via javac <question><code>ant</code> failed to build my program via javac
even when I put the needed jars in an external even when I put the needed jars in an external
@@ -618,6 +619,25 @@ shell-prompt> cat < foo
trailing spaces.</p> trailing spaces.</p>
</answer> </answer>
</faq> </faq>

<faq id="winzip-lies">
<question>Ant creates WAR files with a lower-case
<code>web-inf</code> or JAR files with a lower-case
<code>meta-inf</code> directory.</question>

<answer>
<p>No it doesn't.</p>

<p>You may have seen these lower-case directory names in
WinZIP, but WinZIP is trying to be helpful (and fails). If
WinZIP encounters a filename that is all upper-case, it
assumes it has come from an old DOS box andchanges the case to
all lower-case for you.</p>

<p>If you extract (or just check) the archive with jar, you
will see that the names have the correct case.</p>
</answer>
</faq>
</faqsection> </faqsection>


<faqsection title="Ant and IDEs/Editors"> <faqsection title="Ant and IDEs/Editors">


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