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  188. <h1>Apache Ant Project Bylaws</h1>
  189. </td>
  190. </tr>
  191. </table>
  192. <br/>
  193. <table class="nowrap" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
  194. <tr><td bgcolor="#294563"><font color="#ffffff"><a name="Apache Ant Project Bylaws"><strong>Apache Ant Project Bylaws</strong></a></font></td></tr>
  195. </table>
  196. <p>
  197. This document defines the bylaws under which the Apache Ant project
  198. operates. It defines the the roles and responsibilities of the
  199. project, who may vote, how voting works, how conflicts are resolved,
  200. etc.
  201. </p>
  202. <p>
  203. Ant is a project of the
  204. <a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/">Apache Software
  205. Foundation</a>. The foundation holds the copyright on Apache
  206. code including the code in the Ant codebase. The
  207. <a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/faq.html">foundation FAQ</a>
  208. explains the operation and background of the foundation.
  209. </p>
  210. <p>
  211. Ant is typical of Apache projects in that it operates under a set of
  212. principles, known collectively as the "Apache Way". If you are
  213. new to Apache, please refer to the
  214. <a href="http://incubator.apache.org">Incubator project</a>
  215. for more information on how Apache projects operate. <b>Note:</b> the
  216. incubator project has only been recently set up and does not yet explain
  217. the Apache Way in great detail.
  218. </p>
  219. <ul>
  220. <li><a href="#Roles and Responsibilities">Roles and Responsibilities</a></li>
  221. <li><a href="#Decision Making">How decisions are made</a></li>
  222. </ul>
  223. <br/>
  224. <table class="nowrap" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
  225. <tr><td bgcolor="#294563"><font color="#ffffff"><a name="Roles and Responsibilities"><strong>Roles and Responsibilities</strong></a></font></td></tr>
  226. </table>
  227. <p>
  228. Apache projects define a set of roles with associated rights and
  229. responsibilities. These roles govern what tasks an individual may perform
  230. within the project. The roles are defined in the the following sections
  231. </p>
  232. <ul>
  233. <li><a href="#Users">Users</a></li>
  234. <li><a href="#Developers">Developers</a></li>
  235. <li><a href="#Committers">Committers</a></li>
  236. <li><a href="#Project Management Committee">
  237. Project Management Committee (PMC)</a>
  238. </li>
  239. </ul>
  240. <br/>
  241. <a name="Users"></a>
  242. <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
  243. <tr><td bgcolor="#4C6C8F">
  244. <font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
  245. <strong>Users</strong>
  246. </font>
  247. </td></tr>
  248. </table>
  249. <p>
  250. The most important participants in the project are people who use our
  251. software. The majority of our developers start out as users and guide
  252. their development efforts from the user's perspective.
  253. </p>
  254. <p>
  255. Users contribute to the Apache projects by providing feedback to
  256. developers in the the form of bug reports and feature suggestions. As
  257. well, users participate in the Apache community by helping other users
  258. on mailing lists and user support forums.
  259. </p>
  260. <br/>
  261. <a name="Developers"></a>
  262. <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
  263. <tr><td bgcolor="#4C6C8F">
  264. <font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
  265. <strong>Developers</strong>
  266. </font>
  267. </td></tr>
  268. </table>
  269. <p>
  270. All of the volunteers who are contributing time, code, documentation,
  271. or resources to the Ant Project. A developer that makes sustained,
  272. welcome contributions to the project may be invited to become a
  273. Committer, though the exact timing of such invitations depends on many
  274. factors.
  275. </p>
  276. <br/>
  277. <a name="Committers"></a>
  278. <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
  279. <tr><td bgcolor="#4C6C8F">
  280. <font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
  281. <strong>Committers</strong>
  282. </font>
  283. </td></tr>
  284. </table>
  285. <p>
  286. The project's Committers are responsible for the project's technical
  287. management. All committers have write access to the project's source
  288. repositories. Committers may cast binding votes on any technical
  289. discussion regarding the project.
  290. </p>
  291. <p>
  292. Committer access is by invitation only and must be approved by lazy
  293. consensus of the active PMC members. A Committer is considered emeritus
  294. by their own declaration or by not contributing in any form to the
  295. project for over four months. An emeritus committer may request
  296. reinstatement of commit access fromt he PMC. Such reinstatement is
  297. subject to lazy consensus of active PMC members. Commit access can be
  298. revoked by a unanimous vote of all the active PMC members (except the
  299. committer in question if they are also a PMC member).
  300. </p>
  301. <p>
  302. All Apache committers are required to have a signed Contributor License
  303. Agreement (CLA) on file with the Apache Software Foundation. There is a
  304. <a href="http://www.apache.org/dev/committers.html">Committer FAQ</a>
  305. which provides more details on the requirements for Committers
  306. </p>
  307. <p>
  308. A committer who makes a sustained contibution to the project may be
  309. invited to become a member of the PMC.
  310. </p>
  311. <br/>
  312. <a name="Project Management Committee"></a>
  313. <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
  314. <tr><td bgcolor="#4C6C8F">
  315. <font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
  316. <strong>Project Management Committee</strong>
  317. </font>
  318. </td></tr>
  319. </table>
  320. <p>
  321. The Project Management Committee (PMC) for Apache Ant was created by a
  322. <a href="mission.html">resolution</a> of the board of the Apache
  323. Software Foundation on 18<sup>th</sup> November 2002. The PMC is
  324. responsible to the board and the ASF for the management and oversight
  325. of the Apache Ant codebase. The responsibilites of the PMC include
  326. </p>
  327. <ul>
  328. <li>Deciding what is distributed as products of the Apache Ant project.
  329. In particular all releases must be approved by the PMC
  330. </li>
  331. <li>Maintaining the project's shared resources, including the codebase
  332. repository, mailing lists, websites.
  333. </li>
  334. <li>Speaking on behalf of the project.
  335. </li>
  336. <li>Resolving license disputes regarding products of the project
  337. </li>
  338. <li>Nominating new PMC members and committers
  339. </li>
  340. <li>Maintaining these bylaws and other guidelines of the project
  341. </li>
  342. </ul>
  343. <p>
  344. Membership of the PMC is by invitation only and must be approved by a
  345. lazy consensus of active PMC members. A PMC member is considered
  346. "emeritus" by their own declaration or by not contributing in
  347. any form to the project for over four months. An emeritus member may
  348. request reinstatement to the PMC. Such reinstatement is subject to lazy
  349. consensus of the active PMC members. Membership of the PMC can be
  350. revoked by an unanimous vote of all the active PMC members other than
  351. the member in question.
  352. </p>
  353. <p>
  354. The chair of the PMC is appointed by the ASF board. The chair is an
  355. office holder of the Apache Software Foundation (Vice President,
  356. Apache Ant) and has primary responsibility to the board for the
  357. management of the projects within the scope of the Ant PMC. The chair
  358. reports to the board quarterly on developments within the Ant project.
  359. The PMC may consider the position of PMC chair annually and if
  360. supported by 3/4 Majority may recommend a new chair to the board.
  361. Ultimately, however, it is the board's responsibility who to appoint as
  362. the PMC chair.
  363. </p>
  364. <br/>
  365. <table class="nowrap" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
  366. <tr><td bgcolor="#294563"><font color="#ffffff"><a name="Decision Making"><strong>Decision Making</strong></a></font></td></tr>
  367. </table>
  368. <p>
  369. Within the Ant project, different types of decisions require different
  370. forms of approval. For example, the
  371. <a href="#Roles and Responsibilities">previous section</a> describes
  372. several decisions which require "lazy consensus" approval. This
  373. section defines how voting is performed, the types of approvals, and which
  374. types of decision require which type of approval.
  375. </p>
  376. <br/>
  377. <a name="Voting"></a>
  378. <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
  379. <tr><td bgcolor="#4C6C8F">
  380. <font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
  381. <strong>Voting</strong>
  382. </font>
  383. </td></tr>
  384. </table>
  385. <p>
  386. Decisions regarding the project are made by votes on the primary project
  387. development mailing list (ant-dev@jakarta.apache.org). Where necessary,
  388. PMC voting may take place on the private Ant PMC mailing list.
  389. Votes are indicated by subject line starting with [VOTE]. Votes
  390. may contain multiple items for approval and these should be clearly
  391. separated. Voting is carried out by replying to the vote mail. Voting
  392. may take four flavours
  393. </p>
  394. <table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
  395. <tr>
  396. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  397. valign="top" align="left">
  398. <strong>+1</strong>
  399. </td>
  400. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  401. valign="top" align="left">
  402. "Yes," "Agree," or "the action should be
  403. performed." In general, this vote also indicates a willingness
  404. on the behalf of the voter in "making it happen"
  405. </td>
  406. </tr>
  407. <tr>
  408. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  409. valign="top" align="left">
  410. <strong>+0</strong>
  411. </td>
  412. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  413. valign="top" align="left">
  414. This vote indicates a willingness for the action under
  415. consideration to go ahead. The voter, however will not be able
  416. to help.
  417. </td>
  418. </tr>
  419. <tr>
  420. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  421. valign="top" align="left">
  422. <strong>-0</strong>
  423. </td>
  424. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  425. valign="top" align="left">
  426. This vote indicates that the voter does not, in general, agree with
  427. the proposed action but is not concerned enough to prevent the
  428. action going ahead.
  429. </td>
  430. </tr>
  431. <tr>
  432. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  433. valign="top" align="left">
  434. <strong>-1</strong>
  435. </td>
  436. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  437. valign="top" align="left">
  438. This is a negative vote. On issues where consensus is required,
  439. this vote counts as a <strong>veto</strong>. All vetos must
  440. contain an explanation of why the veto is appropriate. Vetos with
  441. no explanation are void.
  442. </td>
  443. </tr>
  444. </table>
  445. <p>
  446. All participants in the Ant project are encouraged to show their
  447. agreement with or against a particular action by voting. For technical
  448. decisions, only the votes of active committers are binding. Non binding
  449. votes are still useful for Committers to understand the perception of an
  450. action in the wider Ant community. For PMC decisions, only the votes of
  451. PMC members are binding.
  452. </p>
  453. <p>
  454. Voting can also be applied to changes made to the Ant codebase. These
  455. typically take the form of a veto (-1) in reply to the commit message
  456. sent when the commit is made.
  457. </p>
  458. <br/>
  459. <a name="Approvals"></a>
  460. <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
  461. <tr><td bgcolor="#4C6C8F">
  462. <font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
  463. <strong>Approvals</strong>
  464. </font>
  465. </td></tr>
  466. </table>
  467. <p>
  468. These are the types of approvals that can be sought. Different actions
  469. require different types of approvals
  470. </p>
  471. <table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
  472. <tr>
  473. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  474. valign="top" align="left">
  475. <strong>Consensus</strong>
  476. </td>
  477. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  478. valign="top" align="left">
  479. For this to pass, all voters with binding votes must vote and there
  480. can be no binding vetos (-1). Consensus votes are rarely required
  481. due to the impracticality of getting all eligible voters to cast a
  482. vote.
  483. </td>
  484. </tr>
  485. <tr>
  486. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  487. valign="top" align="left">
  488. <strong>Lazy Consensus</strong>
  489. </td>
  490. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  491. valign="top" align="left">
  492. Lazy consensus requires 3 binding +1 votes and no binding vetos.
  493. </td>
  494. </tr>
  495. <tr>
  496. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  497. valign="top" align="left">
  498. <strong>Lazy Majority</strong>
  499. </td>
  500. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  501. valign="top" align="left">
  502. A lazy majority vote requires 3 binding +1 votes and more binding +1
  503. votes that -1 votes.
  504. </td>
  505. </tr>
  506. <tr>
  507. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  508. valign="top" align="left">
  509. <strong>Lazy Approval</strong>
  510. </td>
  511. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  512. valign="top" align="left">
  513. An action with lazy approval is implicitly allowed unless a -1 vote
  514. is received, at which time, depending on the type of action, either
  515. Lazy Majority or Lazy consensus approval must be obtained.
  516. </td>
  517. </tr>
  518. </table>
  519. <br/>
  520. <a name="Vetos"></a>
  521. <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
  522. <tr><td bgcolor="#4C6C8F">
  523. <font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
  524. <strong>Vetos</strong>
  525. </font>
  526. </td></tr>
  527. </table>
  528. <p>
  529. A valid, binding veto cannot be overruled. If a veto is cast, it must be
  530. accompanied by a valid reason explaining the reasons for the veto. The
  531. validity of a veto, if challeneged, can be confirmed by anyone who has
  532. a binding vote. This does not necessarily signify agreement with the
  533. veto - merely that the veto is valid. If you disagree with a veto, you
  534. must lobby the person casting the veto to withdraw their veto. If a veto
  535. is not withdrawn, the action that has been vetoed bust be reversed in a
  536. timely manner.
  537. </p>
  538. <br/>
  539. <a name="Actions"></a>
  540. <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%">
  541. <tr><td bgcolor="#4C6C8F">
  542. <font color="#ffffff" face="arial,helvetica,sanserif">
  543. <strong>Actions</strong>
  544. </font>
  545. </td></tr>
  546. </table>
  547. <p>
  548. This section describes the various actions which are undertaken within
  549. the project, the correspnding approval required for that action and
  550. those who have binding votes over the action.
  551. </p>
  552. <table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
  553. <tr>
  554. <th colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  555. valign="top" align="left">
  556. Action
  557. </th>
  558. <th colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  559. valign="top" align="left">
  560. Description
  561. </th>
  562. <th colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  563. valign="top" align="left">
  564. Approval
  565. </th>
  566. <th colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  567. valign="top" align="left">
  568. Binding Votes
  569. </th>
  570. </tr>
  571. <tr>
  572. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  573. valign="top" align="left">
  574. <strong>Codebase Change</strong>
  575. </td>
  576. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  577. valign="top" align="left">
  578. A change made to the main codebase of the project and committed
  579. by a committer. This includes source code, documentation, website
  580. content, etc.
  581. </td>
  582. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  583. valign="top" align="left">
  584. Lazy Approval and then Lazy consensus.
  585. </td>
  586. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  587. valign="top" align="left">
  588. Active committers.
  589. </td>
  590. </tr>
  591. <tr>
  592. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  593. valign="top" align="left">
  594. <strong>Release Plan</strong>
  595. </td>
  596. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  597. valign="top" align="left">
  598. Defines the timetable and actions for a release. The plan also
  599. nominates a Release Manager.
  600. </td>
  601. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  602. valign="top" align="left">
  603. Lazy Majority
  604. </td>
  605. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  606. valign="top" align="left">
  607. Active committers
  608. </td>
  609. </tr>
  610. <tr>
  611. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  612. valign="top" align="left">
  613. <strong>Product Release</strong>
  614. </td>
  615. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  616. valign="top" align="left">
  617. When a release of one of the project's products is ready, a vote is
  618. required to accept the release as an official release of the
  619. Project.
  620. </td>
  621. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  622. valign="top" align="left">
  623. Lazy Majority
  624. </td>
  625. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  626. valign="top" align="left">
  627. Active PMC members
  628. </td>
  629. </tr>
  630. <tr>
  631. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  632. valign="top" align="left">
  633. <strong>New Committer</strong>
  634. </td>
  635. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  636. valign="top" align="left">
  637. When a new committer is proposed for the project
  638. </td>
  639. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  640. valign="top" align="left">
  641. Lazy consensus
  642. </td>
  643. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  644. valign="top" align="left">
  645. Active PMC members
  646. </td>
  647. </tr>
  648. <tr>
  649. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  650. valign="top" align="left">
  651. <strong>New PMC Member</strong>
  652. </td>
  653. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  654. valign="top" align="left">
  655. When a committer is proposed for the PMC
  656. </td>
  657. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  658. valign="top" align="left">
  659. Lazy consensus
  660. </td>
  661. <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"
  662. valign="top" align="left">
  663. Active PMC members
  664. </td>
  665. </tr>
  666. </table>
  667. </div>
  668. </td><td width="10"><img width="10" height="4" alt="" src="images/spacer.gif"></td>
  669. </tr>
  670. </table>
  671. </td>
  672. </tr>
  673. </table>
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  678. <tr>
  679. <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CFDCED" class="copyright" align="center"><font size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Copyright &copy;
  680. 2000-2003&nbsp;The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.<script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript"><!--
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