index promptID pairID genre sentence1_binary_parse sentence2_binary_parse sentence1_parse sentence2_parse sentence1 sentence2 label1 label2 label3 label4 label5 gold_label 0 75290 75290c letters ( ( Your contribution ) ( ( helped ( make ( it ( possible ( for ( us ( to ( ( provide ( our students ) ) ( with ( a ( quality education ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) ) ( ( Your contributions ) ( ( were ( of ( ( no help ) ( with ( ( our ( students ' ) ) education ) ) ) ) ) . ) ) (ROOT (S (NP (PRP$ Your) (NN contribution)) (VP (VBD helped) (VP (VB make) (S (NP (PRP it)) (ADJP (JJ possible)) (SBAR (IN for) (S (NP (PRP us)) (VP (TO to) (VP (VB provide) (NP (PRP$ our) (NNS students)) (PP (IN with) (NP (DT a) (NN quality) (NN education)))))))))) (. .))) (ROOT (S (NP (PRP$ Your) (NNS contributions)) (VP (VBD were) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (DT no) (NN help)) (PP (IN with) (NP (NP (PRP$ our) (NNS students) (POS ')) (NN education)))))) (. .))) Your contribution helped make it possible for us to provide our students with a quality education. Your contributions were of no help with our students' education. contradiction contradiction contradiction contradiction contradiction contradiction 1 133794 133794c verbatim ( ( ( ( ( ( The answer ) ( ( ( ( has nothing ) ( to ( do ( with ( their cause ) ) ) ) ) , ) however ) ) , ) but ) ( ( with ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( the ( simple fact ) ) ( that ( dictionaries ( ( are not ) ( exercises ( in ( bi-unique substitutability ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ; ) ( in ( ( ( other words ) , ) ( if ( ( one ( of ( ( the senses ) ( of run ) ) ) ) ( ( is ` ) ( ( ( ( operate ' ) -LRB- ) ( as ( in ( She ( runs ( an ( engine factory ) ) ) ) ) ) ) -RRB- ) ) ) ) ) ) ) , ) ( that ( ( does not ) ( ( make it ) ( ( valid ( to ( assume ( that ( one ( can ( substitute ( ( operate ( for run ) ) ( in ( We ( ( run ( in ( ( the marathon ) ( every year ) ) ) ) . ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( Although ( ( ( ( recognizing this ) ( as ( ( a shortcoming ) ( of dictionaries ) ) ) ) and ) ( ( ( assigning it ) arbitrarily ) ( to ( what ( , ( ( for ( lack ( of ( a ( better term ) ) ) ) ) ( , ( we ( might ( call ( ( the genius ) ( of ( the language ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) , ) ( might ( seem ( trivial ( to ( the ( casual observer ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( , ( it ( is ( ( a ( valid matter ) ) ( for ( concern ( in ( ( the realm ) ( of lexicology ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) ( Dictionaries ( ( ( are indeed ) ( exercises ( in ( bi-unique substitutability ) ) ) ) . ) ) (ROOT (S (S (NP (DT The) (NN answer)) (VP (VBZ has) (ADVP (NN nothing)) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB do) (PP (IN with) (NP (PRP$ their) (NN cause)))))) (, ,) (ADVP (RB however)))) (, ,) (CC but) (S (SBAR (IN with) (S (NP (NP (DT the) (JJ simple) (NN fact)) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (NNS dictionaries)) (VP (VBP are) (RB not) (NP (NP (NNS exercises)) (PP (IN in) (NP (JJ bi-unique) (NN substitutability))))))) (: ;) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (JJ other) (NNS words)) (, ,) (SBAR (IN if) (S (NP (NP (CD one)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNS senses)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN run)))))) (VP (VBZ is) (`` `) (VP (VB operate) ('' ') (-LRB- -LRB-) (SBAR (RB as) (IN in) (S (NP (PRP She)) (VP (VBZ runs) (NP (DT an) (NN engine) (NN factory))))) (-RRB- -RRB-))))))) (, ,) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (VBZ does) (RB not) (VP (VB make) (NP (PRP it)) (S (ADJP (JJ valid) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB assume) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (PRP one)) (VP (MD can) (VP (VB substitute) (VP (VB operate) (PP (IN for) (NP (NN run))) (SBAR (IN in) (S (NP (PRP We)) (VP (VB run) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN marathon)) (NP (DT every) (NN year)))) (. .))))))))))))) (SBAR (IN Although) (S (S (VP (VBG recognizing) (NP (DT this)) (PP (IN as) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN shortcoming)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNS dictionaries))))))) (CC and) (S (VP (VBG assigning) (NP (PRP it)) (ADVP (RB arbitrarily)) (PP (TO to) (SBAR (WHNP (WP what)) (S (, ,) (PP (IN for) (NP (NP (NN lack)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT a) (JJR better) (NN term))))) (, ,) (NP (PRP we)) (VP (MD might) (VP (VB call) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN genius)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NN language)))))))))))))))))) (, ,)) (VP (MD might) (VP (VB seem) (ADJP (JJ trivial) (PP (TO to) (NP (DT the) (JJ casual) (NN observer)))))))) (, ,) (NP (PRP it)) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ valid) (NN matter)) (PP (IN for) (NP (NP (NN concern)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN realm)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN lexicology)))))))))) (. .))) (ROOT (S (NP (NNS Dictionaries)) (VP (VBP are) (ADVP (RB indeed)) (NP (NP (NNS exercises)) (PP (IN in) (NP (JJ bi-unique) (NN substitutability))))) (. .))) The answer has nothing to do with their cause, however, but with the simple fact that dictionaries are not exercises in bi-unique substitutability; in other words, if one of the senses of run is `operate' (as in She runs an engine factory ), that does not make it valid to assume that one can substitute operate for run in We run in the marathon every year . Although recognizing this as a shortcoming of dictionaries and assigning it arbitrarily to what, for lack of a better term, we might call the genius of the language, might seem trivial to the casual observer, it is a valid matter for concern in the realm of lexicology. Dictionaries are indeed exercises in bi-unique substitutability. contradiction contradiction contradiction contradiction contradiction contradiction 2 3628 3628c verbatim ( We ( ( serve ( ( a ( classic ( Tuscan meal ) ) ) ( that ( includes ( ( a ( Florentine terrine ) ) ( made ( with ( dick ( and ( chicken livers ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) ) ( We ( ( serve ( ( a meal ) ( of ( Florentine terrine ) ) ) ) . ) ) (ROOT (S (NP (PRP We)) (VP (VBP serve) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ classic) (NNP Tuscan) (NN meal)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (VBZ includes) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ Florentine) (NN terrine)) (VP (VBN made) (PP (IN with) (NP (NN dick) (CC and) (NN chicken) (NNS livers)))))))))) (. .))) (ROOT (S (NP (PRP We)) (VP (VBP serve) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN meal)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNP Florentine) (NN terrine))))) (. .))) We serve a classic Tuscan meal that includes a Florentine terrine made with dick and chicken livers. We serve a meal of Florentine terrine. contradiction neutral entailment entailment entailment entailment 3 89411 89411c letters ( ( ( A ( few months ) ) ago ) ( , ( ( ( ( Carl Newton ) and ) I ) ( ( ( wrote ( a letter ) ) ( asking ( you ( to ( ( consider ( a ( financial contribution ) ) ) ( to ( ( graduate Endodontics ) ( at ( Indiana University ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) ) ) ) ( ( ( ( Carl Newton ) and ) I ) ( ( ( have never ) ( ( had ( any ( other ( previous contact ) ) ) ) ( with you ) ) ) . ) ) (ROOT (S (ADVP (NP (DT A) (JJ few) (NNS months)) (RB ago)) (, ,) (NP (NP (NNP Carl) (NNP Newton)) (CC and) (NP (PRP I))) (VP (VBD wrote) (NP (DT a) (NN letter)) (S (VP (VBG asking) (S (NP (PRP you)) (VP (TO to) (VP (VB consider) (NP (DT a) (JJ financial) (NN contribution)) (PP (TO to) (NP (NP (JJ graduate) (NNS Endodontics)) (PP (IN at) (NP (NNP Indiana) (NNP University))))))))))) (. .))) (ROOT (S (NP (NP (NNP Carl) (NNP Newton)) (CC and) (NP (PRP I))) (VP (VBP have) (ADVP (RB never)) (VP (VBN had) (NP (DT any) (JJ other) (JJ previous) (NN contact)) (PP (IN with) (NP (PRP you))))) (. .))) A few months ago, Carl Newton and I wrote a letter asking you to consider a financial contribution to graduate Endodontics at Indiana University. Carl Newton and I have never had any other previous contact with you. contradiction contradiction contradiction contradiction contradiction contradiction 4 136158 136158e facetoface ( I ( ( was ( on ( ( this earth ) ( you ( know ( ( , ( ( I ( 've ( lived ( on ( ( this earth ) ( for ( some reason ) ) ) ) ) ) ) , ) ) ( I ( just ( ( do n't ) ( know ( what ( it ( is yet ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) ) ( I ( ( ( ( do n't ) yet ) ( ( know ( the reason ) ) ( why ( I ( have ( lived ( on earth ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) ) (ROOT (S (NP (PRP I)) (VP (VBD was) (PP (IN on) (NP (NP (DT this) (NN earth)) (SBAR (S (NP (PRP you)) (VP (VBP know) (SBAR (S (PRN (, ,) (S (NP (PRP I)) (VP (VBP 've) (VP (VBN lived) (PP (IN on) (NP (NP (DT this) (NN earth)) (PP (IN for) (NP (DT some) (NN reason)))))))) (, ,)) (NP (PRP I)) (ADVP (RB just)) (VP (VBP do) (RB n't) (VP (VB know) (SBAR (WHNP (WP what)) (S (NP (PRP it)) (VP (VBZ is) (ADVP (RB yet))))))))))))))) (. .))) (ROOT (S (NP (PRP I)) (VP (VBP do) (RB n't) (ADVP (RB yet)) (VP (VB know) (NP (DT the) (NN reason)) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB why)) (S (NP (PRP I)) (VP (VBP have) (VP (VBN lived) (PP (IN on) (NP (NN earth))))))))) (. .))) I was on this earth you know, I've lived on this earth for some reason, I just don't know what it is yet. I don't yet know the reason why I have lived on earth. entailment entailment entailment entailment entailment entailment